Integrating Agriculture, Conservation and Ecotourism : Examples from the Field.

ISBN:

9789400713093

Title:

Author:

Campbell, W. Bruce.

Personal Author:

Campbell, W. Bruce.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (321 pages)

Series:

Issues in Agroecology - Present Status and Future Prospectus Ser. ; v.1

Issues in Agroecology - Present Status and Future Prospectus Ser.

Contents:

Intro -- Integrating Agriculture, Conservation and Ecotourism: Examples from the Field -- Foreword -- Finding Ways Forward, Together… -- References -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Contributors -- Series Editors -- Series Associate Editors -- Authors for Volume 1 -- Agroecology - Interpretations, Approaches and Their Links to Nature Conservation, Rural Development and Ecotourism -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Historical Overview of Agroecology -- 2.1 Initial Phase: 1930s-1960s -- 2.2 Expansion of Agroecology as a Science: 1970s-1980s -- 2.3 Institutionalisation and Consolidation of Agroecology: 1990s -- 2.4 New Dimensions in Agroecology: 2000 to Present -- 3 Current Variations in Definitions and Scales in Agroecology -- 4 Interpretation of Agroecology as a Science, a Movement and a Practice -- 5 Agroecology and Nature Conservation -- 6 Agroecology and Territorial Development -- 7 Agroecology and Ecotourism -- 7.1 Ecotourism in the Regional Natural Park of Vercors (France) -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- Organic Compost and Manufactured Fertilizers: Economics and Ecology -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Soil Organic Matter -- 2.1 Composting -- 2.2 Origins of Compost: Feedstocks and Processing -- 2.3 Compost Properties -- 2.3.1 Physical -- 2.3.2 Chemical -- 2.3.3 Biological -- 3 Global Compost Dynamics -- 3.1 Cost and Scale of Application -- 3.2 Scale of Application -- 4 Organic and Inorganic Fertilization: Culture, Economics, and Sustainability -- 5 Limitations of Composts as Fertilizers -- 6 Manufactured Fertilizers Versus Composts as Fertilizers -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Global Perspectives on Birds in Agricultural Landscapes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agricultural Change and Birds -- 2.1 Expansion and Intensification -- 2.2 Bird Movements and Habitats Overlap Agriculture -- 2.3 Landscape Legacy -- 3 Europe -- 3.1 Historical Overview.

3.2 Tilled (Arable) Cropland -- 3.3 Grasslands -- 3.4 Margins -- 3.5 Bird Use of Multiple Land Types -- 3.6 Key Threats -- 3.7 Conclusion -- 4 United States and Canada -- 4.1 Historical Overview -- 4.2 Tilled (Row Crop) Fields -- 4.3 Woody Habitats -- 4.3.1 Riparian Corridors -- 4.3.2 Windbreaks, Shelterbelts and Tree Rows -- 4.3.3 Fencerows -- 4.3.4 Grazing and Management in Woody Habitats -- 4.3.5 Landscape and Woody-Patch Perspectives -- 4.4 Grasslands -- 4.4.1 Hay Management -- 4.4.2 Grazing Effects, Managed Grasslands -- 4.4.3 Landscape Perspectives, Set-Aside Grasslands -- 4.5 Key Threats -- 4.6 Conclusion -- 5 Latin America - Mexico, the Caribbean, Central and South America -- 5.1 Historical Overview -- 5.2 Birds in Agricultural Lands -- 5.2.1 Annual Cropping Systems -- 5.2.2 Pasture -- 5.2.3 Perennial Systems and Agroforestry -- Coffee -- Cacao -- 5.3 Birds in a Fragmented Landscape -- 5.3.1 Landscape Heterogeneity -- 5.3.2 Breeding -- 5.3.3 Research Tools -- 5.4 Key Threats -- 5.5 Conclusion -- 6 Global Topics -- 6.1 Global Climate Change, Agriculture and Birds -- 6.2 Genetically-Modified Crop Technology -- 6.3 The Push for Biofuels -- 6.4 Pesticide Exposure -- 6.5 Crop Damage and Birds -- 6.6 Ecosystem Services by Birds - Insect Pest Suppression and Pollination -- 6.7 The Role of Organic Agriculture -- 6.8 Land Sparing and Wildlife-Friendly Farming -- 6.9 Social and Political Dimensions of Sustaining Agriculture and Birds -- 6.9.1 Decision Scales -- 6.9.2 A Paradox of Poverty, Consumption and Birds -- 6.9.3 Family Farm Perspectives -- 6.9.4 Enough Food, Enough Biodiversity -- 6.9.5 Barriers to Adoption of Sustainable Practices -- 7 The Roles of Ecotourism and Agrotourism -- 8 Research Needs and Conservation Applications -- 8.1 Conservation Applications to Benefit Birds in Agroecosystems -- 8.2 Research Questions -- 9 Conclusion.

References -- A Review of Ecosystem Services, Farmer Livelihoods, and Value Chains in Shade Coffee Agroecosystems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Ecology, History, and Geography of Shade Coffee -- 2.1 Crop Characteristics -- 2.2 Modernization or 'Technification' of the Coffee Sector: From Shade to Sun -- 3 Conventional and Alternative Coffee Value Chains -- 3.1 Global Production and Trade Statistics -- 3.2 Coffee Value Chains and Global Markets: An Introduction -- 3.3 Specialty and Certified Coffees -- 3.4 Local and Community Scale Coffee Value Chains -- 3.5 National and Regional Scale Value Chains -- 3.6 Global Coffee Value Chains -- 3.7 Neoliberal Reforms and the Post 1999 Coffee Crisis -- 4 Ecological Processes and Ecosystem Services -- 4.1 Ecological Processes in Coffee Landscapes -- 4.2 Coffee Management Paradigms -- 4.3 Local Scale Ecological Processes and Ecosystem Services -- 4.4 Regional Scale Ecological Processes and Ecosystem Services -- 4.5 Global Scale Ecological Processes and Ecosystem Services -- 5 Interacting Ecosystem Services and the Socio-Economic Costs and Benefits of Shade Coffee -- 6 Farmer Livelihoods, Vulnerability and Change -- 6.1 Sustainable Livelihoods -- 6.2 Types of Livelihoods -- 6.3 Do Sustainable Coffee Certifications Improve Farmer Livelihoods? -- 6.4 Diversification Within Coffee Production Systems -- 6.5 Farm Size Cooperatives, Livelihoods and Shade -- 7 Discussion: Synthesis and Policy Directions -- 7.1 Need for an Integrated Multi-scaled Interdisciplinary Framework -- 7.2 Biologically Rich Lands, Economically Impoverished People -- 7.3 Political Possibilities and Policy Options -- 7.3.1 Ensure That 'Sustainability' Covers Basic Human Needs -- 7.3.2 Farm and Livelihood Diversification -- 7.3.3 Revive Strategic State Action -- 7.3.4 Improve Certification Systems -- 7.3.5 Compensation for Ecosystem Services -- 8 Conclusions.

References -- Ecosystem Services from Smallholder Forestry and Agroforestry in the Tropics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Smallholder Forestry and Agroforestry in the Tropics -- 3 Ecosystem Services from Smallholder Forestry and Agroforestry -- 4 Comparison of Ecosystem Services from the Two Systems -- 4.1 Productivity of Crops, Trees, and Non-Wood Forest Products -- 4.2 Income Generation -- 4.3 Biodiversity Conservation: Ecological and Functional (Agricultural) Importance -- 4.3.1 Agricultural and Native Plant Biodiversity -- 4.3.2 Wildlife Biodiversity -- 4.4 Soil and Water Conservation -- 4.5 Soil Fertility and Nutrient Cycling -- 4.6 Carbon Sequestration: Avoided Loss and Increased Net Capture -- 5 Compensation for Ecosystem Services -- 5.1 Flexibility in Production and Income Sources -- 5.2 Payment for Ecosystem Services -- 5.3 Sustainability Certification -- 5.4 Ecotourism -- 6 Promoting Adoption and Adaptive Management of Sustainable Smallholder Systems -- 7 Summary and Recommendations -- References -- Sustainable Development of an Agricultural Region - The Case of the Allgäu, Southern Germany -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 The Case of the Allgäu in the Context of Agroecology -- 2 The Study Area -- 2.1 Delimitation of the Allgäu -- 2.2 Geography, Landscapes and Special Features of the Allgäu -- 2.3 Actual Economic Activity Data (Including Population) -- 3 Changes in Land Use Patterns and Structure of Agriculture from the Middle Ages up to the Present -- 3.1 Middle Age History of Agriculture -- 3.2 Vereinödung - New Agricultural Structures -- 3.3 Transformation from Blue Allgäu to Green Allgäu -- 3.4 Recent Changes in Land Use and the Landscape of the Green Allgäu -- 4 Agriculture and Forestry Today - Strengths and Weaknesses -- 4.1 Forestry -- 4.2 Agriculture -- 5 Tourism.

6 Current Regional and Rural Development Programs and Project Examples in the Allgäu -- 6.1 Von Hier - Products (From Here) -- 6.2 The LEADER Program of the European Union -- 6.2.1 Project: LandZunge - The Taste of the Countryside -- 6.2.2 Project: Allgäuer Alpgenuss -- 6.2.3 Project: in.Silva - Clustering of Wood Supplies from Small Forest Owners -- 6.3 Effects and Success Factors -- 7 Allgäu - A Development Towards Sustainability? -- 7.1 Sustainable Economic Development -- 7.2 Sustainable Social Development -- 7.3 Sustainable Ecological Development -- 8 Conclusions and Perspectives for the Future -- References -- Index.

Local Note:

Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2019. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.

Subject Term:

Agricultural ecology.;Ecotourism.;Community development.

Added Author:

López Ortíz, Silvia.

Format:

Electronic Resources

Electronic Access:

Click here to view book

Publication Date:

2011

Publication Information:

Dordrecht :

Springer,

2011.

Available:*

Shelf Number	Material Type	Copy	Shelf Location	Status
577.55	1:E-BOOK	1	1:ON-DEMAND	Searching... Unknown

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Summary

Issues In Agroecology - Present Status and Future Prospectus not only reviews aspects of ecology, but the ecology of sustainable food production systems, and related societal and cultural values. To provide effective communication regarding status and advances in this field, this series connects with many disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, environmental sciences, ethics, agriculture, economics, ecology, rural development, sustainability, policy and education, and integrations of these general themes so as to provide integrated points of view that will help lead to a more sustainable construction of values than conventional economics alone. Such designs are inherently complex and dynamic, and go beyond the individual farm to include landscapes, communities, and biogeographic regions by emphasizing their unique agricultural and ecological values, and their biological, societal, and cultural components and processes.

Author Notes

Issues In Agroecology integrates agriculture, ecology, sociology, anthropology, environmental sciences, ethics, economics, rural development, sustainability, policy and education. The series approaches this complex panorama of topics by presenting authoritative, comprehensive, and analytical reviews from leading scientists in all areas of agroecology worldwide. Authors are invited and represent a collaborative mix to provide strong summaries and scholarly advances that serve as foundations for discussion leading to novel routes of research activity, application of management methodologies, and education and outreach programs. Each review is a concise and up-to-date synthesis of the rapidly growing quantity of scientific information within this highly interdisciplinary field. The authors for each review assess the present status of the knowledge as to whether or not it is effectively contributing to increased sustainability. As a part of this assessment, the authors identify inadequacies, errors, and gaps in knowledge that may be hindering or opposing sustainability objectives. For each review, the authors ultimately discuss what might be needed to bring work and programs onto a better track towards achieving sustainability. Such informed assessments of the routes to realize future potential go beyond the individual farm to include landscapes, communities, and biogeographic regions by emphasizing their unique agricultural and ecological values, and their biological, societal, and cultural components and processes. As a result of these efforts, this series is an essential part of the scientific method and a necessity for researchers, teachers, students, and field professionals when dealing with increasing global environmental and socioeconomic change. Issues In Agroecology is a highly citable series that is guaranteed to enlighten research teams, technology users, educators, students, and a general academic audience on the status and advances of agroecology worldwide.ody>