Intro -- Global Climate Change and Coastal Tourism: Recognizing Problems, Managing Solutions and Future Expectations -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the Authors -- Editors -- Contributors -- Foreword -- Preface -- 1 Introduction - Coastal Tourism and Climate Change: Current Narratives and Discourse -- Background: From 'Sun, Sea and Sand' to the IPPC - Problem Recognition and Identification -- Problem Responses and Contemporary Policy Frameworks -- Summary -- References -- 2 A Rapidly Changing Climate in an Era of Increasing Global Carbon Emissions -- Introduction -- Vigilance of the Climate System -- Climate Change Impacts and their Implications on Global Security -- Current Quick Fixes -- Short- Versus Long-term Actions -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 3 Integrated Coastal Zone Management: Policy Evolution and Effective Implementation? -- Introduction -- Climate Change, Coastal Processes and Shoreline Management -- Integrated Coastal Zone Management -- Case Study: Fairbourne, Wales, UK -- Discussion -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- 4 Climate Change and Tourism Sustainability - The Red Queen Theory: Tourists as Climate Refugees -- Introduction -- Sustainability and Climate Change -- Sustainability's fit with climate change -- What is sustainability for tourism? -- Reinforcing circles -- Tourist Refugees -- Who should be responsible for them? -- Climate refugees -- Destinations and Coastal Regions -- Vulnerability -- Resilience -- The Red Queen Theory -- Actions and Policy Changes at Destinations -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 Climate Change and its Impacts on Coastal Tourism: Regional Assessments, Gaps and Issues -- Introduction -- Assessment of Threats -- Identifying the Most Vulnerable Coastal Destinations -- Conclusions -- References.

6 Assessing the Climate Change Risk of a Coastal-Island Destination -- Introduction -- Coastal Tourism in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report -- Multi-dimensionality of Climate Change Impacts on Coastal Tourism -- Direct climatic impacts -- Indirect climate-induced environmental change -- Indirect climate-induced socio-economic change -- Mitigation and adaptation in other sectors -- Interdependencies of climate change impact pathways -- A Climate Change Vulnerability Index for SIDS Tourism -- Conclusion -- References -- 7 Climate Change Governance and Trade Policy: Challenges for Travel and Tourism in Small Island Developing States -- Introduction -- Climate Change Governance and Trade Policies -- Climate Change Governance and Travel and Tourism Regulation -- The Aviation Sector -- Marine Transport -- Climate Change, Travel, Tourism and SIDS -- The Case of the Caribbean and the UK Airline Passenger Duties -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- 8 Case Study Ireland: Coastal Tourism and Climate Change in Ireland -- Introduction -- Tourism in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland -- Visitor Flows, Participation and Principal Attractions -- Coastal Regions as Tourist Spaces -- The Climate of Ireland in Relation to Tourism -- Climate Change and the Irish Coast -- Climate Change and Irish Coastal Tourism -- References -- Websites -- 9 Case Study Italy: The Tourism Management of Climate Change in the Mediterranean Region: Adaptation Strategies in Sardinia and Sicily -- Introduction -- Overview on Climate Change Adaptation -- Exploring Adaptation Responses in Sicily and Sardinia -- Tourism features -- Climate change adaptation views of tourism stakeholders -- Conclusions -- References -- 10 Case Study Portugal: Addressing Tourism development and Climate Change in Small Atlantic Islands: the Case of the Azores -- Introduction.

Background on the Study Area -- Coastal Tourism in the Azores -- Climate Change Policies -- Current Effort in the Azores -- Climate Change in the Azores and its Associated Effects on the Coasts -- Impact of Climate Change on Coastal Tourism in the Azores -- Coastal Vulnerability Assessment: a Tool for Atlantic Island Management -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- 11 Case Study Malta: Climate Change and Tourism: Risks, Hazards and Resilience - An Island Perspective -- Introduction -- Malta and the Mediterranean - Tourism Growth and Climate Change -- Current Risks and Hazards -- Future Resilience: Malta at a Crossroads -- Conclusion: Risk Hazard and Resilience - Getting the Balance Right -- References -- 12 Case Study Iceland: Climate Change and Tourism Sustainability and its Effects on Icelandic Coastal Destinations -- Introduction -- Eyjafjallajökull and the Icelandic Banking Crash: Success out of Natural and Economic Disasters? -- Other Tourism Factors -- Geography of Iceland -- Icelandic Sustainability and Global Sustainable Tourism Council -- Climate Change Effects on Iceland -- Rising sea levels -- Increase in precipitation -- Increased temperature changes -- Extreme weather -- Resilience -- Adaptation -- Examples of adaptation -- Market Changes and Effects on Iceland -- Conclusion -- References -- 13 Case Study Barbados: Policy, Practice and Science: Perspectives on Climate Change and Tourism in Barbados - Conflict or Congruence? -- Introduction -- Climate Change: Assessing Problems and Challenges -- Climate change implications for the Barbados tourism sector -- Research Context -- Climate Change - Managing Solutions -- Conclusions: Future Expectations -- Notes -- References.

14 Case Study Mexico: Riviera Maya - How is the Riviera Maya Tourism Industry Dealing with Climate Change? An Overview of Non-climatic Stressors that Determine the Destination's Vulnerability to Climate Change -- Introduction: The Riviera Maya -- Research Context -- Climate Change: Assessing Problems and Challenges: From Scientific Reports to Stakeholders' Perceptions -- Climate change in Riviera Maya: scientific reports -- Climate change in Riviera Maya: stakeholders' perceptions -- Climate Change: Managing Solutions: Policy Context, Key Actors, Roles and Coordination -- Policy context -- Key actors and roles -- Coordination -- Conclusions: Future Expectations -- References -- 15 Case Study Dubai: A Theme Park Approach to Climate Change -- Introduction -- Dubai's Cultural Environmental Agenda and the Myth of Sustainability -- Dubai's Economic Agenda -- Conclusion -- References -- 16 Case Study Vietnam: Climate Change Impacts on UNESCO World Heritage - The Case of Hoi An Ancient Town -- Introduction -- Research Context -- Climate Change: Assessing Problems and Challenges -- Climate Change: Managing Solutions -- Conclusions: Future Expectations -- References -- 17 Case Study Sri Lanka: Climate Change Challenges for the Sri Lankan Tourism Industry -- Introduction -- The Sri Lankan Tourism Industry -- Climate Change: Assessing Problems and Challenges -- The Sri Lankan tourism industry -- Climate Change: Managing Solutions -- Conclusion -- References -- 18 Case Study Bangladesh: Addressing Climate Change Effects on Coastal Tourism in St Martin's Island of Bangladesh -- Introduction -- Research Context -- Climate Change: Assessing Problems and Challenges -- Possible effects of climate change -- Climate Change: Managing Solutions for Tourism Practices -- Conclusions: Future Expectations -- References.

19 Case Study Vietnam: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment of Coastal Tourism in Cu Lao Cham Island -- Introduction -- Cu Lao Cham Island -- Methods -- Results -- Step 1 -- Step 2 -- Step 3 -- Step 4 -- Step 5 -- Conclusion -- References -- 20 Case Study New Zealand: Planning Responses to Coastal Climate Change Risks: The Case of Christchurch and the Akaroa Harbour, New Zealand -- Introduction -- The Location -- Assessment of Sea Level Rise -- Impacts of sea level rise -- How accurate is it? -- Planning for Sea Level Rise -- Planning in Christchurch -- Conclusions -- References -- 21 Case Study Turkey: Climate Change and Coastal Tourism: Impacts of Climate Change on the Turquoise Coast -- Introduction: The Case of the Turquoise Coast -- Research Context -- Climate Change: Assessing Problems and Challenges -- Sea level rise -- Changes in touristic climate comfort and heatwaves -- Changes in the frequencies of strong wind and heavy rainfall events -- Changes in wind conditions suitable for surf tourism -- Aridification versus golf tourism growth-led water consumption -- Rise of the red coral? -- Conclusion -- References -- 22 Case Study Israel: Coastal Tourism, Coastal Planning and Climate Change in Israel -- Introduction -- The Coast and Climate Change -- Adapting to Climate Change -- Conclusions -- References -- 23 Case Study Antarctica: Up Against the Ice Barrier: Antarctic Tourism Operators Prepare for the Polar Shipping Code -- Introduction -- Research Context -- Climate Change: Assessing Problems and Challenges -- Climate Change: Managing Solutions - The Polar Code -- Classification societies' involvement in the Polar Code -- Ship insurers' involvement in the Polar Code -- State responsibility for implementing the Polar Code -- Industry involvement in implementing the Polar Code -- Conclusions: Future Expectations -- Acknowledgements -- Notes.

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