Cover -- Copyright information -- Dedication -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Part I The Reality and Crystallization of the Cyprus Question -- The Realities of the Cyprus Question -- Historical Background: Some Salient Aspects -- Conclusion -- References -- The Swiss Touch did not Overcome Divergences: Overview of the Crystallization of the Cyprus Conflict -- The Principle of Effectiveness at Work: The Failure of the 1960 Institutional System -- The Failure of the Geneva Negotiations and the "Never-Ending Negotiating-System" -- Settlement Prospects in a Renewed Context -- Traditional Position of the International Community v. Risk of Disruption of Regional Balances: Fundamental Principles of International Law and Temporization Policy -- A Partially Remediating Jurisprudence -- Warships, Threats, Multi-Billion-Dollar Contracts: What About the Gas - Cyprus Issue Equation? -- References -- From the Annan Plan to the Present: Searching for a Viable Solution According to the "Ongoing" and "Changing" Parameters of the Cyprus Issue -- Preconditions of the Annan Plan: Favorable Global and Regional Security Domain in the Eve of the New Millennium -- Contradicting the National Interests and Security Aspirations of Greeks and Turks -- Strong Leadership and Time Pressure of the EU Agenda during the Annan Plan -- The Annan Plan Implications over the Turkish and Greek Communities -- Changing Parameters of the Cyprus Issue and Way to Viable Solution -- The Cyprus Issue and the European Integration Process -- Short Historical Background -- European Union Integration Process -- Application of the "Republic of Cyprus" to the EU -- Annan Plan -- Direct Trade Regulation -- The "Most Favored Nation" Clause -- Intercommunal Negotiations Continue -- EU Dimension of the Oil and Gas Explorations -- Cost of Conflict in Cyprus.

Future Prospects -- References -- Part II Energy and Geopolitics Disputes in the Eastern Mediterranean -- The Geopolitical Integrity of the Motherland, Blue Homeland, and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus -- Significance of the Maritime Order on Evolving Geopolitics -- Oceans and the Mediterranean -- Ramifications of Energy Geopolitics for Cyprus and the Eastern Mediterranean -- Conclusion -- Energy Security in International Conflicts: The Case of the Eastern Mediterranean -- Natural Gas in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin -- Geography of Natural Gas in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin -- Egypt -- Israel -- Lebanon -- Cyprus -- Turkey -- Legal Frameworks Governing the Exploitation of Natural Gas in the Eastern Mediterranean -- United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 -- Agreement on the Demarcation of the Egyptian-Cypriot EEZs 2003 -- Agreement on the Demarcation of the Lebanese-Cypriot EEZs 2007 -- Agreement on the Demarcation of the Cyprus-Israel EEZs 2010 -- The Role of Eastern Mediterranean Gas in European Energy Security -- Sources of Natural Gas in Europe -- Eastern Mediterranean Natural Gas Pipeline -- Eastern Mediterranean Natural Gas Pipeline: Topographical Difficulties -- Conclusion -- References -- Aphrodite Natural Gas Field and Its Economic Viability -- Aphrodite Gas Field -- Model -- Simulation Results -- Conclusion -- References -- Legal Analysis of the Dispute in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea from the Perspective on Cyprus -- Dispute in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea -- Unilateral and Bilateral Actions by the GCASC to Proclaim the EEZ and to Explore and Exploit the Non-Living Resources Therein -- Legal Analysis of the Dispute -- Sources of the International Law of the Sea for the Legal Analysis of the Dispute -- The Requirement of the Use of Sovereign Rights in Good Faith.

The Requirement of Cooperation between the Contesting States to Reach a Delimitation Agreement -- The Requirement to Make Every Effort to Enter into Provisional Arrangements of a Practical Nature with Turkey and the TRNC in Dispute -- The Requirement to Refrain from Exploration and Exploitation Activities not to Jeopardize the Settlement of the Dispute -- Conclusion -- References -- Analysis of Greek Policy Activities and Political Action in the Eastern Mediterranean from the Aspect of Geo-Phobia -- Phobia in the Ontological Sense -- Place of Fear and Trauma in Foreign Policy -- Effects of Geo-Phobia on Greek Foreign Policy towards Eastern Mediterranean -- Evaluation of Greece-GASC Hydrocarbon Politics in Terms of Geo-Phobia -- Evaluation and Conclusion -- References -- A Cross-Sectional Look at the Importance of Eastern Mediterranean Airspace with Respect to the Security of Turkey and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus -- Greece's Efforts to Expand Its Airspace Despite the International Law -- Major Air Space Problems That Cause a Strife Between Two Parties -- Single European Sky Project -- Conclusion -- References -- Part III Future of Cyprus and Alternative Solution Models -- Federalism with Two Components: The Belgian Experience -- Historical Process of the Belgian Federation's Emergence: From Unitary State to Federal State with Two Components -- Federalization Step by Step: A Centrifugal Process -- Large Autonomy Enjoyed by the Regions -- Settlement of Conflicts between the Components of the Federal State -- The Functioning of the Federal Central State: Parity (Dual) Federalism -- Impact of EU Law on the Functioning of a Federation or a Confederation, Member of EU -- Conclusion -- References -- Is the Federal Partnership Feasible and Sustainable in the Political/Historical Context of Cyprus? -- The Cyprus Conflict and the Federal Idea.

Intercommunal Negotiations and a Federal Solution -- Federal Solution and Hydrocarbon Energy Resources -- Federal Systems in the World -- Do the Conditions Necessary for a Federal System to be Sustainable Exist in Cyprus? -- The Cyprus Model: A Dyadic Federation -- Conclusion -- References -- A Settlement Requires a Paradigm Shift or a Change of Mindset in Cyprus -- Root Causes of the Cyprus Issue -- Need for a Paradigm Shift or Change of Mindset -- References -- Thinking Outside of the Box: Alternative Solution Models for the Turkish Cypriots -- Introduction -- The United Nations Annan Plan and the Failure of the Last Opportunity -- Paradoxical EU Membership of the RoC, Isolation of Turkish Cypriots and Towards a Perpetual Deadlock -- The New Modus Operandi in International Relations and Alternative Solution Models -- Conclusion: Thinking Outside of the Box -- References -- Part IV Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus's Soft Power -- Water Management in Northern Cyprus: "The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Water Supply Project" and the Recent Developments -- Water Security and Management on the Island of Cyprus -- Carrying Water from Turkey as a Solution: The TRNC Water Supply Project -- General Information on the Project -- The Legal Aspect of the Project: "The Agreement on Water Supply and Management between the Governments of the Republic of Turkey and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" (No: 22/2016) -- Economic Benefits of the Project -- Political Implications of the Project: The Relations with the Greek Cypriot Administration -- Conclusion -- References -- Turkey-North Cyprus-Neighboring Countries Peace Water Project -- Water Resources in Turkey -- Water Resources in Neighboring Countries -- Cyprus -- Lebanon -- Egypt -- Palestine -- Israel -- Water Pipeline Project of Turkey-North Cyprus.

Peace Water from Turkey to Neighboring Countries -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Boosting Tourism-Related Cultural and Economic Development in North Cyprus: Constraints and Opportunities -- Brief History of the Island -- Constraints and Embargos on North Cyprus -- Numerical Features of Tourism Activities -- Impact on the Economy -- Tourist Potential -- Accommodation Capacity -- Current Management Approach -- Future Perspectives: Constraints and Opportunities -- Constraints -- Opportunities -- New Dimensions for Tourism Management -- Accommodation Sector Outside Coastal Resorts -- Events Sector -- Adventure/Outdoor Recreation Sector -- Attractions Sector -- Food Services Sector -- Entertainment Sector -- Tourism Service -- Travel Trade -- Transportation -- Environment -- Regional Tourism Opportunities -- Iskele and Karpaz (Iskele and Karpasia) Regions -- Girne Region -- Gazima ğ usa Region -- G ü zelyurt and Lefke Regions -- Lefkosa Region -- Conclusion -- References -- The Rapid Growth of the Higher Education Industry on a Small Island: "Living on an Island as If a Mainlander" -- Global Competitiveness and Higher Education -- Porter's Diamond Model and the Competitiveness of the Higher Education Industry -- The Development of the Higher Education Sector in the TRNC -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- The Council of Europe Process for the Turkish Cypriots -- Structure of the Council of Europe -- The Representation of Turkish Cypriots in the Council of Europe -- Milestones Influencing the Turkish Cypriots -- 1964-1984 Period for the Turkish Cypriots -- A Turning Point for Turkish Cypriots: Annan Plan -- Conclusion -- References -- Conclusion: Time to Consider Alternative Solution Models in Cyprus -- Editors.