Cover -- Copyright information -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- A Conceptual Evaluation of Personality and the Internal Sources of Emotion in Service Enterprises -- 1 Introduction -- 2 What Is Personality? -- 3 Personality Traits and Big Five -- 4 What Is Emotion? -- 5 Personality and Emotion -- 6 Internal Sources of Emotion -- Emotional Contagion -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Technological Factors That Effect Hospital Efficiency: A Study Based on Training and Research Hospitals in Turkey -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Results -- Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- The Relationship between Challenge- and Hindrance-Related Self-Reported Work Stress and Self-Reported Job Performance -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Notions of Work Stress and Performance -- 2.1 Challenge- and Hindrance-Related Work Stress -- 2.2 Self-Reported Performance -- 2.3 The Relationship between Work Stress and Performance -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Research Model, Sampling, Measurement Tools and Reliability Analysis -- 3.2 Descriptive Statistics for Demographic Variables -- 3.3 Validity Analysis for Measurements -- 3.4 Statistics Related to Variables -- 3.5 The Relationship between Challenge- and Hindrance-Related Work Stress and Self-Reported Job Performance: Regression Analysis -- Conclusion -- Discussion -- Bibliography -- Smart City Applications at the Local Government Structure in Turkey: The Case of Bursa Metropolitan Municipality -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Concept of Smart City -- 3 The Smart City and Its Evolution in Turkey -- 4 The Expected Benefits and the Challenges Confronted at Smart City Applications -- 5 The Smart Municipality Applications of Bursa Metropolitan Municipality -- Conclusion and Proposals -- Bibliography -- Subsidiarity Principle Reflection on the Tourism Sector -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Locality (Subsidiarity) Principle in Service.

3 Subsidiarity Principle and Local Management Practices in Turkish Tourism -- 4 Activity and Efficiency of Subsidiarity Principle in Tourism Services -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- The Concept of Holiday and Travel in Islam: The Understanding of Halal Tourism and Investments Which Serve within the Frame of this Understanding (A Sample Study on a Chosen Pilot Facility) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Concept of Holiday and Travel in Islam -- 3 The Concept of Halal Tourism -- 4 The Investments of Halal Hotels -- 5 The Islamic Hotel Sector: Principles and Practices -- 6 An Interview on Halal Tourism -- 7 Results -- Bibliography -- Possible Causes of Burnout and Burnout Syndrome in Tourism Businesses -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Understanding Burnout Syndrome -- 2.1 Possible Effects of Burnout on Employees and Organizations -- 2.2 Possible Causes of Burnout Syndrome -- 2.3 Burnout Syndrome in Tourism Businesses -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Organizational Justice and Reflections in Tourism Industry -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Organizational Justice: Scope and Dimensions -- 3 Consequences of Organizational Injustice -- 4 Organizational Justice and Its Reflections in Tourism Sector -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Determination of Organizational Identification Levels of Five Star Hotels' Employees According to Their Individual Characteristics: The Case of Antalya -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Organizational Identification -- 3 Organizational Identification in Tourism Enterprises -- 4 Method -- 5 Findings and Discussion -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Evaluation of the Activities of International Five Star Chain Hotel Businesses in Terms of Sustainable Tourism and the Ankara Study Case -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sustainable Tourism Activities in Terms of Hospitality -- 2.1 Evolution of Tourism -- 2.2 Importance in Financial Framework.

2.3 Effects of Sustainable Tourism on Competition -- 2.4 Waste Management in Hotels -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Environmental Protection Policies in Hotels -- 3.2 Providing Environmental Awareness -- 3.3 Water and Energy Consumption Protocols of Hotels -- 3.4 Waste Management Procedures -- 3.5 Applications on Sustainability for Cultural Heritages -- 3.6 Competitive Advantages of Sustainable Tourism -- 4 Results and Suggestions -- Bibliography -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- About Editors.