Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Editors -- List of Contributors -- List of Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Part I: Introduction -- Chapter 1: Introduction: Status of the Tourism Ecosystem Services: Marking More Realities -- References -- Part II: Management of Natural Ecosystem Services -- Chapter 2: Role of conservancy-based tourism in the management of natural ecosystem services in the Maasai Mara, Kenya -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Literature review -- 2.2.1 The wildlife conservancy concept in Kenya -- 2.2.2 The Maasai Mara ecosystem threats and the conservation-restoration-tourism nexus -- 2.2.3 Conservancy-based tourism and payment of ecosystem services -- 2.2.4 Protected area tourism in the post-pandemic context -- 2.3 Methodology -- 2.3.1 Study area -- 2.3.2 Data collection and analysis -- 2.4 Results and discussion -- 2.4.1 Provisioning ecosystem goods and services -- 2.4.1.1 Maintenance of biodiversity in the conservancies -- 2.4.2 Enhanced co-existence of wildlife and livestock in the conservancies -- 2.4.2.1 Ecosystem goods and services and greening initiatives in the conservancies -- 2.4.3 Cultural ecosystem goods and services -- 2.4.3.1 Ecotourism as a cultural ecosystem service -- 2.4.3.2 Research values in the conservancies -- 2.4.3.3 Education and knowledge values -- 2.4.4 Community benefits from conservancy-based ecotourism -- 2.5 Conclusion and recommendations -- References -- Chapter 3: Community-based conservation for sustainable ecosystem services and tourism: A case study of Murchison Falls conservation area, Uganda -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Literature review -- 3.2.1 Conceptual considerations -- 3.2.2 Conservation and livelihoods -- 3.2.3 Nature-based tourism -- 3.3 Theoretical framework.

3.4 Methodology -- 3.4.1 Study area -- 3.5 Research design, data collection and analysis -- 3.6 Results and discussion -- 3.6.1 Demographic and socio-economic profile of the respondents -- 3.6.2 Conservation and sustainable ecosystem services in MFCA -- 3.7 Contribution of CBEs to conservation and sustainable ecosystem services (SES) -- 3.8 The inter-relationships between CBEs, conservation, ecosystem services and tourism -- 3.9 Conclusions and contribution to knowledge -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 4: The Weak Link in Managing for Ecological Integrity and Responsible Tourism: The Case of Visitor Conduct in Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Statement of the Research Problem -- 4.3 Significance of the Study -- 4.4 Objectives of the Study -- 4.4.1 General Objective -- 4.4.2 Specific Objectives -- 4.4.3 Research Questions -- 4.5 Literature Review -- 4.5.1 Visitor Management in National Parks -- 4.6 Research Methodology -- 4.6.1 Study Area -- 4.6.2 Research Design -- 4.6.3 Data Collection Procedures -- 4.6.4 Data Processing, Analysis, and Presentation -- 4.7 Results -- 4.7.1 Questionnaire Return Rate -- 4.7.2 Problem Visitor Behavior with Respect to Wildlife in Lake Nakuru National Park -- 4.7.3 Problem Visitor Behavior with Respect to the Wildlife Habitat in Lake Nakuru National Park -- 4.7.4 Drivers of Problem Behavior among Visitors in Lake Nakuru National Park -- 4.7.5 Effectiveness of On-Site Park Messages in Managing Visitor Conduct in Lake Nakuru National Park -- 4.8 Discussions -- 4.8.1 Questionnaire Return Rate -- 4.8.2 Scale Reliability -- 4.8.3 Problem Visitor Behaviors to Wildlife Welfare in Lake Nakuru National Park and the Need for Responsible Tourism -- 4.8.4 Problem Visitor Behaviors to the Wildlife Habitat in Lake Nakuru National Park and the Need for Responsible Tourism.

4.8.5 Drivers of Problem Behavior among Visitors in Lake Nakuru National Park -- 4.8.6 Effectiveness of On-Site Messages in Managing Visitor Behavior in Lake Nakuru National Park -- 4.9 Conclusions, Recommendations, and Suggestions for Further Work -- 4.9.1 Conclusions -- 4.9.2 Recommendations -- 4.9.3 Suggestions for Further Work -- References -- Part III: Management of Cultural Ecosystems Services -- Chapter 5: Conceptual Understanding of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Tourism -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Ecosystem Services -- 5.2 Tourism and Ecosystem Services -- 5.3 Cultural Ecosystem Services in Tourism -- 5.4 Methodology -- 5.5 Case Studies Discussion -- 5.6 Conclusion -- 5.7 Recommendations -- References -- Chapter 6: Impact of Cultural Ecosystem Services on Livelihoods in the North Vidzeme Biosphere Reserve, Latvia -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Literature Review -- 6.3 Best Practices of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Protected Areas -- 6.4 Methodology -- 6.5 Study Area -- 6.6 Research Findings -- 6.7 Discussion -- 6.8 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7: Protecting the Malaga tourism ecosystem: Role of residents -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Ecosystems and communities -- 7.2.1 Preservation and protection of ecosystem -- 7.2.2 Malaga and its ecosystem -- 7.3 Methodology -- 7.4 Findings -- 7.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part IV: Ecosystems Services and Sustainable Tourism Development -- Chapter 8: Ecosystems Services for Urban Destination Development: Potential for Sustainability -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Literature Review -- 8.2.1 Urban Sustainable Tourism -- 8.2.2 Ecosystem Services -- 8.2.3 Valuation of Ecosystem Services -- 8.2.4 Cultural Ecosystem Services Take Place in Green Urban Infrastructure -- 8.3 Methodology -- 8.4 The Case of Malmö -- 8.4.1 Destination: Western Harbour.

8.4.2 Challenges and Development Potential for Ecosystem Services in Malmö -- 8.5 The Case of Helsingborg -- 8.5.1 Destination: Landborgspromenaden - An Urban Recreational Trail -- 8.5.2 Destination: Sofiero castle -- 8.5.3 Destination: Pålsjö City Forest -- 8.6 Findings -- 8.6.1 Urban Planning -- 8.6.2 Ecosystem-Based Solutions to Adaptation -- 8.7 Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 9: Next-Practice Platforms as an Enabler of Sustainable Tourism Destination Management: Perspectives from an Asian Chain Hotel's Sustainability Journey -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Literature Review -- 9.2.1 Sustainable Destination Management and Hotel Companies: The Business Opportunity -- 9.3 Enriching the Creating Shared Value Strategy through Next-practice Platforms -- 9.4 Methodology -- 9.4.1 Research Design -- 9.4.2 Context -- 9.4.3 Data Collection and Interviews -- 9.4.4 Data Analysis -- 9.5 Findings -- 9.6 Discussion -- 9.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10: Ethical Consumption of Ecosystem Services in Tourism: A Jurisprudence Approach -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Purpose of the Chapter -- 10.3 Concept of Ethical Consumption -- 10.3.1 Consumer Behavior and Ethical Decisions -- 10.3.2 Ethical Consumption in Tourism -- 10.4 Concept of Ecosystem Services -- 10.4.1 People's Values toward Nature -- 10.4.2 Strengths of Ecosystem Services to Support Human Well-Being -- 10.4.3 Management of Ecosystem Services -- 10.5 Jurisprudence Approach and Ethical Consumption of Ecosystem Services -- 10.6 Methodology -- 10.7 Findings -- 10.8 Conclusion and Recommendations -- References -- Part V: Management of Tourism Ecosystems Services Post-Pandemic -- Chapter 11: Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Ecosystem Services at UNESCO World Heritage Site, Sundarbans: A Viewpoint on India and Bangladesh -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Methodology -- 11.2.1 Study Area.

11.2.2 Data Collection and Analysis -- 11.3 Results and Discussion -- 11.3.1 Environmental Impact of Ecosystem Services -- 11.3.2 Social Impact of Ecosystem Services -- 11.3.3 Economic Impact of Ecosystem Services -- 11.3.4 Government's Supports and Stimulus Packages -- 11.4 Conclusion -- 11.4.1 Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Recovery Strategies -- References -- Chapter 12: Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourism and Public Transport: Challenges and Prospects from Malaysia -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Literature Review -- 12.2.1 Linkage between Ecosystem Services -- 12.2.2 Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourism and Public Transport -- 12.2.3 Resilience to Ecosystem during the COVID-19 Pandemic -- 12.2.4 Research Problem and the Gaps -- 12.3 Methodology -- 12.3.1 Study Design and Procedure -- 12.3.2 Data Collection Process -- 12.3.3 Data Analysis Procedures -- 12.4 Results -- 12.4.1 The Linkage Between Ecosystem Services and COVID-19 Pandemic in Tourism and Public Transport -- 12.4.1.1 Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Employment in Tourism and Public Transport -- 12.4.1.2 Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Public Demand in Tourism and Public Transport -- 12.4.2 Ecosystem Services and Adoption of Resilient Policy -- 12.4.3 Social-Economical Effects of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Public Transportation -- 12.4.3.1 Financial Adversity -- 12.4.3.2 Social Equity -- 12.4.3.3 Sustainable Mobility -- 12.5 Discussion -- 12.6 Conclusions -- 12.6.1 Managerial Implications -- 12.6.2 Policy Recommendation -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 13: Post COVID-19 through Special Interest Tourism: Perspectives for South Africa and Zimbabwe -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Theoretical Framework: Special Interest Tourism (SIT) -- 13.3 Theoretical Framework: Research Synthesis and Literature Review -- 13.4 Zoom Towns: Opportunities for Visiting Friends & -- Relatives (VFR) Tourism.

13.5 Vaccine Tourism: The Case of Zimbabwe.