Preface -- Figures and Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Politics and Religion in Turkey -- Structure of the report -- The Islamic landscape in Turkey -- Religion, ethnicity and politics -- The management of Islam -- Sufi brotherhoods -- Religious movements -- Islamic foundations -- Islamic schools -- Shi'ites and Alevis -- Turkish attitudes toward religion -- The violent fringe -- Turks in Europe -- The rise of political Islam in Turkey -- The impact of the Kemalist revolution -- The advent of multi-party democracy -- The "Turkish-Islamic synthesis" -- The impact of the Özal reforms -- The rise of the religious right -- Political Islam in power : the welfare interlude -- The impact of the February 28 process -- The ascendency of the AKP -- The July 22, 2007, election -- The AKP in power -- The reconfiguration of Turkish politics -- The AKP : a new synthesis or Islamism in disguise? -- "Green money" -- The headscarf controversy -- The Imam-Hatip schools controversy -- Non-Muslims minorities under AKP rule -- The AKP and the Kurds -- The AKP and the military -- The AKP's uncertain future -- The AKP's foreign policy -- Relations with Europe -- Relations with Greece -- Relations with the United States -- Relations with Russia -- Relations with the Middle East -- Future prospects and implications -- Whither Turkey : alternative political futures -- Scenario 1 : The AKP pursues a moderate, EU-oriented path -- Scenario 2 : Creeping Islamization -- Scenario 3 : Judicial closing of the AKP -- Scenario 4: Military intervention -- Implications for U.S. policy -- Foreign policy and bilateral issues -- The PKK and the Kurdish issue.