Cover -- Title Page -- Contents -- Series list -- Introduction -- Acknowledgements -- Part 1: Improving social and environmental sustainability -- Chapter 1 -- Global coffee production and sustainability -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Coffee farmer incomes and sustainability -- 3 Concentration and diversity in global coffee production -- 4 Specialty and differentiated coffees -- 5 Trends in Arabica and Robusta coffees -- 6 Creating an enabling environment to make coffee farming more sustainable -- 7 The case of Brazil in improving coffee grower incomes -- 8 Farm size, income and sustainability -- 9 Conclusion -- 10 Where to look for further information -- 11 References -- Chapter 2 -- The coffee sector and smallholder farmers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Challenges facing small-scale coffee farmers: an overview -- 3 Challenges facing smallholder farmers: market trends -- 4 The role of women and young people in the coffeegrowing sector -- 5 The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on smalland medium-scale coffee farmers -- 6 Solving the challenges facing smalland medium-scale coffee growers -- 7 Diversification in the coffee sector -- 8 Environmental services provided by coffee smallholders -- 9 Summary -- Chapter 3 -- Assessing and managing the environmental and social impact of coffee production -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The complexity of coffee value chains -- 3 Ways of assessing the sustainability of coffee production -- Box 1: The footprint of one cup of coffee -- 4 Environmental and social impacts of coffee production -- 5 Improving the sustainability of coffee production -- 6 Shade management in coffee production -- 7 Soil health monitoring and management -- 8 Managing biodiversity -- 9 Conclusion -- 10 Where to look for further information -- 11 References -- Chapter 4 -- Specialty coffees as drivers of change -- 1 Introduction.

2 The emergence of specialty coffees -- 3 Markets and pricing for specialty coffees -- 4 Geographical indicators for specialty coffees -- 5 Good agricultural practices and good processing practices in specialty coffee production -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Where to look for further information -- 8 References -- Chapter 5 -- Fair-trade coffee: how fair is fair? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Defining what is 'fair' -- 3 Defining 'fair' wages and incomes -- 4 Voluntary Sustainability Standards relating to fair prices -- 5 Other approaches: The Living Income (and Other Benchmarks) Reference Price Formula and the Living Income/Fair Price approach -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Abbreviations -- 8 Where to look for further information -- 9 References -- Chapter 6 -- Advances in Arabica coffee breeding: developing and selecting the right varieties -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Reproductive behaviour of Arabica coffee -- 3 Arabica genetic resources -- 4 Coffee germplasm banks -- 5 Breeding methods in Arabica coffee -- 6 Selection criteria for breeding -- 7 CENICAFE's breeding programme: a case study for improved Arabica varieties -- 8 Conclusion -- 9 Where to look for further information -- 10 References -- Chapter 7 -- Optimizing post-harvest practices in coffee cultivation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Coffee types and processing -- 3 Harvesting, cleaning and separation processes -- 4 Pulping processes -- 5 Mucilage removal processes: fermentation and mechanical removal -- 6 Drying processes -- 7 Smallholder farmers -- 8 Environmental impacts of on-farm processing and drying -- 9 Storage of dry coffee -- 10 Cleaning processes -- 11 Hulling and polishing processes -- 12 Size grading -- 13 Gravity separation -- 14 Micro-lot processing -- 15 Color sorting -- 16 Coffee storage in dry mills -- 17 Blending and bulking -- 18 Weighing and packing for shipment -- 19 Processing lines.

20 Where to look for further information -- Part 2: Sustainable pest and disease management -- Chapter 8 -- Insect pests affecting coffee: understanding agroecosystems and alternative methods of control -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Entomofauna associated with coffee agroecosystems -- 3 Key insect pests of coffee crops -- 4 Coffee berry borer -- 5 Coffee leaf miners -- 6 Antestia bug -- 7 Twig borer -- 8 Root mealybug -- 9 Stem borers -- 10 Natural enemies for key insect pests in coffee agroecosystems -- 11 Climate change impacts on insect pests in coffee agroecosystems -- 12 Case study: improving integrated pest management of coffee berry borer in Hawaii -- 13 Summary and future trends -- 14 Where to look for further information -- 15 References -- Chapter 9 -- Diseases affecting coffee: an overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Diseases affecting adult plants: coffee leaf rust -- 3 Diseases affecting adult plants: black rot -- 4 Diseases affecting adult plants: anthracnose -- 5 Root diseases: brown root disease and red root disease -- 6 Root diseases: black root disease and santavery root disease -- 7 Coffee trunk canker and berry blotch -- 8 Diseases affecting seedlings -- 9 Minor diseases of coffee -- 10 Flowering parasites of coffee -- 11 Summary -- 12 Where to look for further information -- 13 References -- Chapter 10 -- Ecological perspectives on the coffee leaf rust -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Technocentrism and control of the coffee leaf rust -- 3 The community ecology of coffee leaf rust -- 4 The natural enemy community of coffee leaf rust -- 5 Case studies of ecological complexity and the coffee leaf rust -- 6 Where to look for further information -- 7 References -- Chapter 11 -- Coffee wilt disease -- 1 Introduction -- 2 History and impact -- 3 Host range -- 4 Symptoms -- 5 Ecology of the fungus -- 6 Historical management recommendations -- 7 Re-emergence.

8 Case study: Regional Coffee Wilt Programme (RCWP) -- 9 Future trends in research -- 10 Where to look for further information -- 11 References -- Chapter 12 -- Integrated management of nematodes of coffee -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) -- 3 Meloidogyne exigua -- 4 Meloidogyne paranaensis and M. incognita -- 5 Minor species of Meloidogyne -- 6 Root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) -- 7 Summary and future trends -- 8 References -- Chapter 13 -- Integrated management of soil-borne insect and fungal pests of coffee -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Asian subterranean termite (Coptotermes gestroi) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) -- 3 Leaf-cutting ants (Atta sp. and Acromyrmex spp.) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) -- 4 Coffee root mealybug (Dysmicoccus texensis) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) -- 5 Coffee mealybug (Planococcus sp.) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) -- 6 Cicadas (Quesada gigas, Dorisiana drewseni, D. viridis, Fidiciana pronoe, Carineta fasciculata, C. spoliata, C. matura) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) -- 7 Coffee root fly (Chiromyza vittata) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) -- 8 White grubs (Phyllophaga spp.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) -- 9 Soil-borne fungi: rhizoctoniosis -- 10 Rosellinia root rot -- 11 Ceratocystis canker stain -- 12 Coffee wilt disease (tracheomycosis) -- 13 Summary and future trends -- 14 References -- Chapter 14 -- Integrated weed management in coffee production -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Weed interference: yield losses and economic impact -- 3 Young coffee plantations: the most weed-sensitive crop phase -- 4 Integrated weed management -- 5 Weed control methods -- 6 Main aspects of weed control in Robusta coffee -- 7 Summary and future trends -- 8 Where to look for further information -- 9 References.