Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of boxes -- List of contributors -- Preface and acknowledgements -- List of abbreviations -- Part I: Context -- 1. Tourism in Iran: an introduction -- Introduction -- An overview of tourism in Iran -- Background to tourism development in Iran -- The legal, regulatory and development framework -- Other endeavors to encourage tourism -- Constraints facing the Iranian tourism industry -- Structure of the book -- References -- 2. Domestic tourism in Iran: development, directions, and issues -- Introduction -- Historical perspective -- Research on domestic tourism -- Features of domestic tourism in Iran -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3. Sanctions, the 2015 agreement and Iran's tourism industry -- Introduction -- Sanctions and tourism -- Sanctions against Iran and its tourism -- A study of expert opinion -- Summary and conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Part II: Pilgrimage and religious tourism -- 4. Islamic pilgrimage tourism in Iran: challenges and perspectives -- Introduction -- Iran: religion and tourism -- The supply side of religious tourism -- Tourism capacities of Islam -- The demand side of religious tourism -- Typology of religious tourists in Iran -- The impacts of religious tourism -- Management and planning issues -- Conclusion -- References -- 5. The mutual relationship between women's pilgrimage tourism and the religious city: a case study of Mashhad, Iran -- Introduction -- The study -- Islamisation and female employment in Iran -- Contextualising Jahangardi va Ziyarat -- The religious city of Mashhad -- Jahangardi and women in Mashhad -- Ziarat and women in Imam Reza Shrine -- Pilgrimage tourism and women's social and physical mobility -- The Khoddam-e Eftekhary, the honoured worker.

Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 6. Mass faith tourism and life satisfaction of residents: evidence from Mashhad, Iran -- Introduction -- Background -- Research model -- Method -- Results -- Discussion and conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part III: Heritage and tourism -- 7. Cultural heritage management and heritage tourism development in Iran: opportunities and challenges for the future -- Introduction -- Cultural heritage in Iran -- Quality issues in heritage attractions -- Community participation, local development and intercultural dialogue -- Future challenges for cultural heritage managers in Iran: going beyond borders -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8. Residents' perceptions towards heritage tourism development: the case of the historical city of Kashan, Iran -- Introduction -- Residents' perceptions towards tourism development -- Support for tourism development and community participation -- Research method -- Results and findings -- Discussion and conclusion -- References -- 9. The role of socio-cultural events in rebuilding Iran's image -- Introduction -- Destination image and recovery after conflict -- Event impacts -- Socio-cultural events in Iran -- Rose and Rosewater Festival -- Conclusion -- References -- 10. Food and tourism in Iran -- Introduction -- Diverse cuisine, monotonous menus -- Anything but kebab, please! -- Hospitality and hospitableness -- Food events -- 'Food capitals' as potential food-event destinations -- Culinary tours -- Conclusion -- References -- Part IV: Emerging tourisms -- 11. Tourism and the empowerment of women in Iran -- Introduction -- Statistical review of women in tourism -- Empowerment -- Iranian women's roles, limitations and barriers -- Analytical findings -- Discussion and conclusion -- References.

12. Participatory tourism development in Iran: implementing community-based tourism within a migrating nomadic tribe -- Introduction -- Definition, benefits, barriers and models of CBT -- The study setting -- The CBT framework and its implementation within the Heybatlu community -- Phases 1 and 2 -- Phase 3: evaluating the viability of the community's expected level of participation -- Phase 4: implementing the 4D model -- Discussion and conclusion -- References -- 13. Effects of perceived quality and trust on behavioural intentions: an empirical study of health tourists in Mashhad, Iran -- Introduction -- Health tourism -- Health tourism in Iran -- Behavioural intentions -- Perceived trust -- Theory of planned behaviour -- Proposed conceptual model and hypotheses -- Survey instrument and the data collection procedure -- Analyses and results -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- 14. The future(s) of tourism in Iran -- Introduction -- Tourism growth since the accords -- The significance of politics -- The changing environment of tourism and tourism research -- Tourism marketing -- Outbound and domestic tourism -- Conclusion -- References -- Index.