TOURISM: Principles, Practices, Philosophies, 11th Edition -- Contents -- Preface -- NEW TO THIS EDITION -- ORGANIZATION AND CONTENT -- FEATURES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- Part I: Tourism Overview -- Chapter 1: Tourism in Perspective -- INTRODUCTION -- WHAT IS TOURISM? -- COMPONENTS OF TOURISM AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT -- BASIC APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF TOURISM -- ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE -- BENEFITS AND COSTS OF TOURISM -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 2: Tourism through the Ages -- INTRODUCTION -- EARLY BEGINNINGS -- EARLY (AND LATER) TOURIST ATTRACTIONS -- EARLY ECONOMIC REFERENCES -- THE FIRST TRAVEL AGENTS -- HISTORIC TRANSPORTATION -- ACCOMMODATIONS -- CHRONOLOGIES OF TRAVEL -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 3: Career Opportunities -- INTRODUCTION -- JOB FORECASTS -- JOB REQUIREMENTS -- CAREER POSSIBILITIES -- CAREER PATHS IN TOURISM -- INTERNSHIPS -- OTHER SOURCES OF CAREER INFORMATION -- SUMMARY -- Part 2: How Tourism Is Organized -- Chapter 4: World, National, Regional, and Other Organizations -- INTRODUCTION -- INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS -- DEVELOPMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL) -- REGIONAL INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS -- NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS -- REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS -- STATE AND COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 5: Passenger Transportation -- INTRODUCTION -- THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY -- THE RAIL INDUSTRY -- THE MOTORCOACH INDUSTRY -- THE AUTOMOBILE -- THE CRUISE INDUSTRY -- OTHER MODES OF TRANSPORTATION -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 6: Hospitality and Related Services -- INTRODUCTION -- THE LODGING INDUSTRY -- THE FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY -- MEETING PLANNERS -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 7: Organizations in the Distribution Process -- INTRODUCTION -- TRAVEL AGENTS -- THE INTERNET -- CONSOLIDATORS -- THE TOUR WHOLESALER -- SPECIALTY CHANNELERS -- CHOOSING CHANNELS -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 8: Attractions, Entertainment, Recreation, and Other -- INTRODUCTION.

ATTRACTIONS -- GAMING -- RECREATION -- ENTERTAINMENT -- FESTIVALS AND EVENTS -- SHOPPING -- EDUCATION -- PUBLISHING -- MARKETING AND PUBLICITY ORGANIZATIONS -- MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES -- SUMMARY -- Part 3: Understanding Travel Behavior -- Chapter 9: Motivation for Pleasure Travel -- INTRODUCTION -- A FOCUS ON CUSTOMERS -- THE NEED FOR A THEORY -- THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOTIVATION MODELS -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 10: Cultural and International Tourism for Life's Enrichment -- INTRODUCTION -- IMPORTANCE -- LIFE-SEEING TOURISM -- THE ROMANCE OF PLEASURE TRAVEL -- DEVELOPMENTAL AND PROMOTIONAL MEASURES -- ANTHROPOGRAPHY (GEOGRAPHY OF HUMANKIND) -- TYPES OF DESTINATIONS AS TRAVEL EXPERIENCES -- OTHER TOURIST APPEALS -- TOURISM AND PEACE -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 11: Sociology of Tourism -- INTRODUCTION -- EFFECTS ON THE INDIVIDUAL -- EFFECTS ON THE FAMILY -- EFFECTS ON SOCIETY -- LIFE CHARACTERISTICS AND TRAVEL -- EMERGENCE OF GROUP TRAVEL PATTERNS -- SOCIAL (SUBSIDIZED) TOURISM -- SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL SOCIAL EFFECTS OF TOURISM -- THE INTERNATIONAL TOURIST -- BARRIERS TO TRAVEL -- SUMMARY -- Part 4: Tourism Supply, Demand, Policy, Planning, and Development -- Chapter 12: Tourism Components and Supply -- INTRODUCTION -- SUPPLY COMPONENTS -- NATURAL RESOURCES -- BUILT ENVIRONMENT -- OPERATING SECTORS -- SPIRIT OF HOSPITALITY AND CULTURAL RESOURCES -- MATCHING SUPPLY WITH DEMAND -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 13: Measuring and Forecasting Demand -- INTRODUCTION -- WHY DEMAND IS IMPORTANT -- DEMAND TO A DESTINATION -- MEASURING DEMAND -- PROJECTION METHODOLOGY -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 14: Tourism's Economic Impact -- INTRODUCTION -- TOURISM'S ECONOMIC IMPACT: AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE -- COMPARING INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC EXPENDITURES -- OPTIMIZATION -- ECONOMIC MULTIPLIERS -- MORE ADVANCED ECONOMIC CONCEPTS RELATED TO TOURISM -- SUMMARY.

Chapter 15: Tourism Policy: Structure, Content, and Process -- INTRODUCTION -- TOURISM POLICY: A DEFINITION -- THE FOCUS OF TOURISM POLICY: THE COMPETITIVE/SUSTAINABLE DESTINATION -- THE MAJOR PARAMETERS OF TOURISM DESTINATION MANAGEMENT -- TOURISM POLICY: STRUCTURE, CONTENT, AND PROCESS -- THE PROCESS OF TOURISM POLICY FORMULATION -- TRANSLATING POLICY INTO REALITY -- FORMULATING POLICY TO DEAL WITH CRISES -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 16: Tourism Planning, Development, and Social Considerations -- INTRODUCTION -- PLANNING FOR A COMPETITIVE/SUSTAINABLE DESTINATION -- THE NATURE OF TOURISM PLANNING -- RELATING TOURISM PLANNING TO TOURISM POLICY -- WHY TOURISM PLANNING IS NECESSARY -- THE PLANNING PROCESS -- GOALS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT -- POLITICAL ASPECTS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT -- DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST POTENTIAL -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 17: Tourism and the Environment -- INTRODUCTION -- DOES TOURISM THREATEN THE ENVIRONMENT? THE WTTC POSITION -- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT -- ECOTOURISM: COMMON TERMS USED -- CURRENT TOURISM INDUSTRY PRACTICES -- SUMMARY -- Part 5: Essentials of Tourism Research and Marketing -- Chapter 18: Travel and Tourism Research -- INTRODUCTION -- ILLUSTRATIVE USES OF TRAVEL RESEARCH -- THE TRAVEL RESEARCH PROCESS -- SOURCES OF INFORMATION -- BASIC RESEARCH METHODS -- WHO DOES TRAVEL RESEARCH? -- THE STATE OF THE ART -- TRAVEL AND TOURISM RESEARCH ASSOCIATION -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 19: Tourism Marketing -- INTRODUCTION -- MARKETING CONCEPT -- THE MARKETING MIX -- MARKET SEGMENTATION -- MARKETING PLANNING: THE TOURISM MARKETING PLAN -- JOINT MARKETING EFFORTS -- SUMMARY -- Part 6: Tourism Prospects -- Chapter 20: Tourism's Future -- INTRODUCTION -- TOURISM IN THE THIRD MILLENNIUM -- THE WORLD OF TOURISM IN 2020 -- THE NATURE OF FUTURE GROWTH -- LEISURE, TOURISM, AND SOCIETY IN THE THIRD MILLENNIUM.

NEW REALITIES-NEW HORIZONS: FORCES IMPACTING THE FUTURE OF TOURISM -- THE TOURIST OF THE FUTURE -- THE CHANGING NATURE OF TOURISM PRODUCTS -- MANAGING THE FUTURE EFFECTIVELY -- SUMMARY -- Selected References -- Glossary -- Index -- Photos.